per un buon senso applicato
http://www.1stpower.com/
http://www.absak.com/
http://www.solion.com.gr/
http://www.asappower.com/
http://www.accessgrouponline.com/
http://www.advancedservicecorp.com/
http://www.africanenergy.net/
http://www.areed.org/
http://www.lightingthefuture.com/
http://www.lightingthefuture.com/
http://www.alternativeenergysystemsinc.com/
http://www.amazeindustry.com/
http://www.aquatera.co.uk/
http://www.auswea.com.au/
http://www.alfabit.ro/
http://www.abundantre.com/
http://www.aaes.biz/
http://www.un-ami-en-france.com/
http://www.allstarelec.com/
http://www.alternative-power.ca/
http://www.alternative-power.com/
http://www.ata.org.au/
http://www.awea.org/
http://www.windmill.com/
http://www.buyawg.com/
http://www.aquafiltra.com/
African Wind Energy Association
AfriWEA is a non-profit organisation formed in 2002 to encourage manufacturers, developers, governments, renewable energy owners and individuals to promote and support wind energy development on the African continent. Membership of AfriWEA is open to individuals, corporations, government departments, small businesses, NGOs, research and academic institutions. Membership shall be divided into five types: sustaining, corporate, associate, honorary & affiliate. Free membership for 2003.
Foula Lighthouse
Light Established?1986??Position?Latitude 60° 06.8’N?Longitude 02° 03.7’W??Character?Flashing (3) White every 15 Secs??Elevation?36 metres??Nominal Range?18 miles??Structure?White tower
History ?Foula was built as a gas powered major light (range > 15 miles) in 1986. It was never a manned station as it was built during the automation programme as an automatic light. The decision to establish a light on Foula was as a direct result of the increase in oil tanker traffic using the west coast route. Other lights established at this time were Point of Fethaland, Yell Sound and North Rona.
The conversion from acetylene gas to the highly cost effective solar/wind electric operation will mean lower maintenance, an environmentally friendly system which will also provide a higher level of reliability.
Work commenced in Summer 1999 with the laying of the concrete plinth for the construction of a new GRP (glass reinforced plastic) building which contains the control room and battery room.
The original 4th order lens has been retained having been suitably modified to accommodate 35 watt metal halide lamps in a 3 position changer. The rotation of the lens is by a gearless drive and control is by Programmable Logic Controllers and associated switch gear. The monitoring of the light to the Board's headquarters in Edinburgh is by PSTN.
The power system now consist of 36 solar modules charging 2500 AH, 24 volt battery, this is supplemented by four small vertical axis wind generators.
All works associated with the solarisation of Foula lighthouse should be complete by 31 March 2000.
Shetland General Building Contractor James J Johnson of Bixter carried out all concrete works and erected the solar panel framework. Jimmy Johnson has carried out work for the Northern Lighthouse Board since 1967 and was also involved in the works associated with Fair Isle South Lighthouse - Scotland's last manned Lighthouse automated 31 March 1998.
Orkney electrical contractors R S Merriman carried out the electrical installation.
Wind Generator
External Mounting Kit
P3107 Common Items
P3108 Horizontal Axis
P3125 Vertical Axis
EXPERIMENTAL CAPABILITY
♦
Frame for Free Air Wind Turbine tests
♦
Allows comparison Wind Channel tests
♦
Problems Related to wind fluctuations
♦
All Tests with either P3100 or P3120
INTRODUCTION
P3107 External Wind Generator
Mounting Kit – Common Items
Testing a wind generator in free wind has a
number of advantages and disadvantages. The
advantages are that blockage effects are minimal,
and results are determined across a
representative range of wind fluctuations. The
disadvantages are that the wind fluctuates so that
it is difficult to obtain repeatable results, and the
wind will not provide a suitable range of
variability over a typical laboratory session.
Whilst Cussons P3100 Horizontal Axis and
P3120 Vertical Axis Wind Generators are
designed for use within a wind channel such as
Cussons P3105 they can also be used externally
on the appropriate external mounting frame.
The frame consists of
P3107 Common mounting frame kit
and either
P3108 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine kit
or
P3125 Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Kit
NOTE These products are for use in winds up to
16m/s velocity and are not to be used in higher
wind speeds.
DESCRIPTION
P3107 Common Frame Kit
The P3107 Common external mounting frame
kit comprises of a large tripod base, which is
designed to be tilted into the vertical from a
downwind position. The base is supplied with
“pockets� that can be weighted at site with soil,
rocks or water to provide a secure base in
stronger winds.
Once raised to the vertical position the frame has
an additional telescopic section that allows the
wind turbine to be raised further from the
ground. The upper end of the telescopic section
incorporates a horizontal guard frame designed
to reduce the risk that a student comes into
contact with the rotor.
The frame includes a mounting location for the
control panel supplied with either the Cussons
P3100 Horizontal Axis or the P3120 Vertical
Axis Wind Generators. Note: These control
TECHNOLOGY
panels are not waterproof, and whilst low
voltages means that there is not an inherent
danger if the boxes become flooded, the
equipment could be damaged, and it is not
recommended that the equipment be used in
rainy conditions, and particularly not when there
is a risk of lightening.
Warning: It is not recommended to use the
external frame in winds that are gusting above
16m/s.
Technical Specification P3107
Common Items
The Common Items for the P3107 External
Wind Generator Mounting Kit shall comprise of
a robust tripod base, with pivoting feet, allowing
the tripod to be raised to the vertical. The base is
to be provided with pockets in which weights
can be placed to help weigh down the tripod.
The base is to include a telescopic section and to
have a mounting point for a Cussons control
panel. The frame is to include a horizontal guard
to help prevent unintentional access to the wind
generator.
The Kit is to interface correctly with both
Cussons P3108 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
kit and Cussons P3125 Vertical Axis Wind
Turbine Kit (although not both together).
P3108 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
Special Mounting Kit
Cussons P3100 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
can be mounted externally to carry out tests in
free wind conditions. It is essential that P3108 is
used with the P3107 common items kit.
P3108 comprises of a robust frame, together with
a light bearing and wind vane, to maintain the
P3100 Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine pointing
directly into the wind. It is possible to lock the
turbine into a set angle relative to the wind. The
kit also contains an electrical extension lead to
extend the connections and extension cables for
the measurement of torque and thrust in the
mechanical P3100 version. (Mechanical
measurement of thrust and torque externally is
not accurate).
P3125 Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Special Mounting Kit
Cussons P3120 Vertical Axis Wind Turbine can
be mounted externally to carry out tests in free
wind conditions. It is essential that P3125 is used
with the P3107 common items kit.
P3125 comprises of a robust frame to mount the
P3120 Vertical Axis Wind Turbine and to
provide upper and lower bearings in which the
rotor can turn. The kit also contains an electrical
extension lead to extend the connections and
extension cables for the measurement of torque
in the mechanical P3120 version. (Mechanical
measurement of torque externally is not
accurate).
OVERALL DIMENSIONS
P3107 Packed for Self Assembly
Length 2.5m Width 1.1m Depth 0.3m
P3108 Packed for Self Assembly
Length 1.5m Width 0.6m Depth 0.3m
P3125 Packed for Self Assembly
Length 1.5m Width 0.6m Depth 0.3m
REQUIRED ACCESSORIES
P3108 requires P3107 Common Items, and P3100
Horizontal Axis Wind Generator Module (together
with a blade set) or the users own wind generator.
P3125 requires P3107 Common Items, and P3120
Vertical Axis Wind Generator Module (together with
a blade set) or the users own wind generator.
The Company may alter detail specifications at its discretion and without notice, in line with its policy of continuous development.
102 Great Clowes Street, Manchester M7 1RH, England
Tel. +(44)161 833 0036 Fax. +(44)161 834 4688
E-mail: sales@cussons.co.uk Web: www.cussons.co.uk
ACRE: http://wwwphys.murdoch.edu.au/acre/
GTZ: http://www.gtz.de/home/english/index.htm
NREL International Programs: http://www.rsvp.nrel.gov/
Windpower: http://www.windpower.dk/core.htm
WIRE Homepage Module: http://wire0.ises.org/
World Bank: http://www.worldbank.org/html/pic/cas/index.htm
Hydrogen is found on or near the earth's surface only as a constituent of other chemical compounds, notably water and hydrocarbons. Hydrogen can be released from these other compounds, but it always requires energy to do so - more than can ever be recovered by using the released hydrogen as a fuel. Thus, for all practical thermodynamic purposes, hydrogen is an energy storage medium, not a source of energy. From an environmental or energy security point of view, producing hydrogen for use as a fuel (as in a car) is only worthwhile if the energy used to make the hydrogen comes from renewable sources (solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, etc.), or if the engine running on hydrogen is efficient enough to at least make up for the energy used in producing the hydrogen. Otherwise, it is more economic and less polluting to just burn the hydrocarbon in the first place.
http://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/
http://www.hfcletter.com/
http://www.h2fuelcells.org/
http://www.hydrogen.org/index-e.html
http://www.rebresearch.com/H2links.html
http://www.fuelcells.org/
http://www.dri.edu/Projects/Energy/
http://www.fair-pr.com/
http://www.humboldt.edu/~serc/animation.html
http://www.sae.org/fuelcells/fuelcells.htm
http://www.ballard.com/
http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/02/25/HNphonefuelcell_1.html
http://www.nrel.gov/hydrogen/
http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fuelcell.shtml
http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,119816,00.asp
http://www.ecoworld.org/Articles/Hydrogen_fuel_cars_EW.htm
http://www.ecoworld.org/Articles/Hydrogen_fuel_cars_EW.htm
http://www.goodideacreative.com/shfc_sys.html
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blfuelcells.htm
http://solstice.crest.org/hydrogen/
http://www.fuelcellstore.com/products/index/fuelcell_demonstration_solarh_index.html
......
?
